From the ancient Greek Greeks of the Greeks is a common illness (Arthr-Camer, tiles -As-Disease-Disease). Sometimes it is also known as osteoarthritis or osteoarthritis deformity (from the bones of ancient Greece - bones).
It will be a mistake when calling arthritis - this is the name of a group of countries, including many diagnosis.
Any disease of any joint, regardless of the cause, can be called muscle disease, but this will not provide anything to the doctor or patient: The word "Arthrosis" is not related to the cause of the disease, or treatment, but with only some symptoms.
The word "arthrosis" is very similar to another term - "this is arthritis". Both describe damage to joints, usually both related to joint pain, but there are significant differences.
Typically, arthritis is a disease associated with arthritis: infection, genetic or autoimmune disease leading to the beginning of arthritis. Its main manifestations include pain, color change, swelling in the area of inflamed joints.
With arthritis, the manifestations are less noticeable and the cause is completely different.
How to work (knee and others)The backbone system needs a person for positive movements in space. Bone is a hard frame, muscles - their dynamics and joints - where the mobile connection is.
In the structure of the joint, there are always two ends of the neighboring bone that can move compared to each other with the help of muscles and a small distance between them. This joint distance is full of special lubricants - epidemic fluid. It is necessary for the nutrition of cartilage: There is no ship inside it, so he takes all the nutrients from Synovia.
The joint of each bone is covered with cartilage to protect the bone tissue from friction. Cartilage also helps to extinguish vibration and sharp mechanical load: For example, the knees and joints of the foot while walking takes most of the energy from the foot of the foot on the ground.
The recovery of these cartilage is a long and complicated process that is not always successful.
All joints are limited by a capsule - a film containing joint liquid, does not allow it to spread. Almost all joints are supported by ligaments that do not allow nearby bones to move too much and go in the wrong direction.
Why and how to develop arthritisThere are many reasons for the beginning of muscle disease, in some cases, it is a combination of factors, and sometimes it is impossible to establish the cause.
There are three main causes and more than a dozen additional. Most popular:
Joint injury;
Congenital joint abnormalities (dysplasia);
Consequences of inflammation (arthritis) of any reason;
Age (usually over 50 years old);
Violating metabolism (trace elements), obesity;
Excessive load on the joint.
The development of osteoarthritis is divided into three stages:
Initial. There is no clear sign, it is difficult to find it. The composition of the fluid fluid is changing, its function is worse.
Pain. Complaints and structural changes appear in the form of bone growth - osteoporosis.
Severe arthritis. A significant reduction in the function of the joint is added: the movements are reduced or disappear completely; The joints are deformed and the appearance of limb changes.
First, the structure of the cartilage is disturbed: it is thickened due to the change in the composition of Synovia or for another reason. Swelling of cartilage fabric worsens its nutrition, so over time, cartilage begins to become thinner.
Then, in the most loaded parts of joints, cartilage almost disappeared or became too tight. In return, the growth of the bone began - the appearance of bone cells (bone spines).
At the end of the disease, the growth of bone is so clear that it limits the movement up to ankylis disease - the completely immobile of the joint.
Symptoms of arthritisInitial manifestations: Periodic pain after important physical activity. After that, the morning hardness is connected - after waking up for a few minutes (up to 30), the joint seems to be connected by an elastic tape: motion is possible, but difficult.
The following symptoms:
Pain when touching joints;
thicken the bone in the joints;
restrict motion;
Increasing pain in physical activity is less important;
The deformation of Chi.
Typically, muscle disease is a disease of large joints of the legs (knees, hips) and hands (shoulders). The joints of the foot are less common.
Degenerative processes in the joints can still be manifested in the form of abnormal sound during the movement: brittle, cracked, shocking.
DiagnoseAs in the case of any other disease, it begins with collecting an Anamnesis - the history of the disease.
What is especially important for doctors is to find out that there is the presence of risk factors (trauma, arthritis, congenital defects, chronic diseases).
After talking and checking joints, additional methods will be needed: checking and checking tools.
The main research in joint diagnosis is X -ray.
The picture will clearly see the main changes in the joints: reducing joint distance, bone growth, deformation. In initial stages, small bone cells can be seen along the edge of the joint, and in uneven growth of the bone along the entire joint distance will be significant.
An ultrasound test (ultrasound) is an additional method that will help determine the thickness of cartilage in the earliest stage of arthritis. The joint endoscopy is less common: A surgeon places a small camera directly into the joint distance and obtained the image of cartilage.
Treatment of arthritisUnable to completely cure muscle disease and bring joints to its original state. The accurate combination of some methods will only slow down the growth of osteoarthritis, but to return the young people before will not work.
The main tasks of treating osteoarthritis of the knee or hip joints:
Moderate physical activity (running, walking, sitting position);
Special exercises, exercise therapy (physiotherapy exercises);
diet;
Drug treatment;
Surgical treatment.
For arthritis of shoulder joint or other localization, the principles do not change, except for adjusting the load on the specific joint.
Physical activity and exercises are selected in each case with orthopedician by a doctor. Diet usually includes enrichment of diet with unsaturated fatty acids, a range of proteins, moderate carbohydrate limits (especially simple types, they are fast).
The refusal of bad habits (smoking, drinking alcohol in any quantity) significantly slows down the development of joint muscle disease. The diet also depends on the cause of the disease, chronic diseases. You do not need to add a diet.
Treatment with drugs - painkillers. Of NSAID -Anti -inflammatory control is not not used more. The appropriate choice depends on the presence of chronic diseases and planning time. Less used is corticosteroids (glucocorticoids, steroids).
Very often, doctors prescribe chondroprotors - a drug that contains some important molecules for cartilage. In most cases, such drugs have no effect on joints, especially tablets and ointments.
It is extremely rare for such drugs that can really be necessary and create real effects: when checking internal liquid, you can check their amount and not be injected directly into the joint (internal organs).
ConcludeArthricis is an osteoarthritis associated with mechanical damage to cartilage and the development of bone tissue. It usually develops in people over the age of 50, after joint injury or long -term overload.
It is manifested by pain after loading, hard and brittle.
